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API: Application Program Interface This is the set of public types/variables/functions that you expose from your application/library. In C/C++ this is what you expose in the header files that you ship with the application. ABI: Application Binary Interface This is how the compiler builds an application. It defines things (but is not limited to): How parameters are passed to functions (registers/stack). Who cleans parameters from the stack (caller/callee). Where the return value is placed for return. How exceptions propagate.